1. Pate CA, Zahran HS, Qin X, et al. Asthma surveillance—United States, 2006–2018. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2021;70(5):1-32.

2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. FastStats: Asthma. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/asthma.htm. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

3. The Global Asthma Network. The Global Asthma Report, 2022. Available at https://www.globalasthmareport.org/resources/Global_Asthma_Report_2022.pdf. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

4. Nurmagambetov T, Kuwahara R, Garbe P. The economic burden of asthma in the United States, 2008–2013. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018;15(3):348-356.

5. Duan KI, Birger M, Au DH, et al. Health Care Spending on Respiratory Diseases in the United States, 1996-2016. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023;207(2):183-192.

6. Kapri A, Pant S, Gupta N. Asthma History, Current situation, an overview of its control history, challenges, and ongoing management programs: an updated review. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect B Biol Sci. 2023;93:539-551.

7. National Institutes of Health. Breath of Life Exhibition. Available at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/archive/20120918/hmd/breath/breathhome.html. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

8. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention: 2024 Update. Available at https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/GINA-2024-Strategy-Report-24_05_22_WMS.pdf. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

9. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR3): Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7232. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

10. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 2020 Focused Updates to the Asthma Management Guidelines: A Report from the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Coordinating Committee Expert Panel Working Group. Available at https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/resources/2020-focused-updates-asthma-management-guidelines. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

11. Allergy and Asthma Network. Asthma Treatment. Available at https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/what-is-asthma/how-is-asthma-treated. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

12. Habib N, Pasha MA, Tang DD. Current Understanding of Asthma Pathogenesis and Biomarkers. Cells. 2022; 11(17):2764.

13. The Merck Manual. Asthma. Available at https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/asthma-and-related-disorders/asthma. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

14. Ansotegui IJ, Melioli G, Canonica GW, et al. IgE allergy diagnostics and other relevant tests in allergy, a World Allergy Organization position paper. World Allergy Organ J. 2020;13(2):100080.

15. Wang Z, Li Y, Gao Y, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of asthma and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Respir Res. 2023;24(1):169.

16. World Health Organization. Fact Sheets: Asthma. Available at https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

17. National Center for Health Statistics. National Health Interview Survey: Percentage of current asthma for children under age 18 years, United States, 2023. Available at https://wwwn.cdc.gov/NHISDataQueryTool/SHS_child/index.html. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

18. National Center for Health Statistics. National Health Interview Survey: Percentage of current asthma for adults aged 18 and over, United States, 2023. Available at https://wwwn.cdc.gov/NHISDataQueryTool/SHS_adult/index.html. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Asthma and Obesity. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/asthma_obesity.htm. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

20. Peters U, Dixon AE, Forno E. Obesity and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(4):1169-1179.

21. American Lung Association. Lung Procedures, Tests, and Treatments. Available at https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-procedures-and-tests. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Asthma-Related Missed School Days among Children Aged 5–17 Years. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/missing_days.htm. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

23. Kim CH, Gee KA, Byrd RS. Excessive absenteeism due to asthma in California elementary schoolchildren. Acad Pediatr. 2020;20(7):950-957.

24. Weiss ST, Raby BA. Asthma genetics 2003. Hum Mol Genet. 2004;13(R1):R83-R89.

25. Laing IA, de Klerk NH, Turner SW, et al. Cross-sectional and longitudinal association of the secretoglobin 1A1 gene A38G polymorphism with asthma phenotype in the Perth Infant Asthma Follow-up cohort. Clin Exp Allergy. 2009;39(1):62-71.

26. Gribben K, Wyss A, Poole J, et al. CC16 polymorphisms in asthma, asthma subtypes, and asthma control in adults from the Agricultural Lung Health Study. Respir Res. 2022;23:305.

27. Qu YL, JYR, Zhang LX, et al. 17q21 locus rs7216389 polymorphism and childhood asthma risk: a meta-analysis. Minerva Pediatr. 2018;70(1):98-102.

28. Stikker BS, Hendriks, RW, Stadhouders R. Decoding the genetic and epigentic basis of asthma. Allergy. 2023;78(4):940-956.

29. Ni M, Li B, Zhang Q, et al. Relationship between birth weight and asthma diagnosis: a cross-sectional survey study based on the National Survey of Children's Health in the U.S. BMJ Open. 2023;13(12):1-9.

30. Xu XF, Li YJ, Sheng YJ, et al. Effect of low birth weight on childhood asthma: a meta-analysis. BMC Pediatrics. 2014;14:275.

31. Martin J, Townshend J, Brodlie M. Diagnosis and management of asthma in children. BMJ Paediatrics Open. 2022;6:e001277.

32. Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. About Cystic Fibrosis. Available at https://www.cff.org/intro-cf/about-cystic-fibrosis. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

33. Johnson J, Abraham T, Sandhu M, et al. Differential diagnosis of asthma. Allergy and Asthma. 2019:383-400.

34. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Transition from CFC-Propelled Albuterol Inhalers to HFA-Propelled Albuterol Inhalers: Questions and Answers. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/questions-answers/transition-cfc-propelled-albuterol-inhalers-hfa-propelled-albuterol-inhalers-questions-and-answers. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

35. LexiDrug. Available at https://online.lexi.com. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

36. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Announces New Safety Controls for Long-Acting Beta Agonists. Available at https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/717210. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

37. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA Review Finds No Significant Increase in Risk of Serious Asthma Outcomes with Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABAs) Used in Combination with Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS). Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-review-finds-no-significant-increase-risk-serious-asthma-outcomes. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

38. Scheurer ME, El-Zein R, Thompson PA, et al. Long-term anti-inflammatory and antihistamine medication use and adult glioma risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17:1277-1281.

39. Amirian ES, Zhou R, Wrensch MR, et al. Approaching a scientific consensus on the association between allergies and glioma risk: a report from the Glioma International Case-Control Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016;25(2):282-290.

40. Le Joncour V, Filppu P, Hyvonen M, et al. Vulnerability of invasive glioblastoma cells to lysosomal membrane destabilization. EMBO Mol Med. 2019;11:e9034.

41. Al Said A, Cushen B, Costello RW. Targeting patients with asthma for omalizumab therapy: choosing the right patient to get the best value for money. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2017;8(2-3):31-45.

42. Dragonieri S, Carpagnano GE. Biological therapy for severe asthma. Asthma Res Pract. 2021;7(1):12.

43. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Maintenance Treatment for Severe Asthma. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-approves-maintenance-treatment-severe-asthma. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

44. Shyu CS, Lin HK, Lin CH, Fu LS. Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in patients with pediatric allergic disorders: a nationwide, population-based study. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2012;45(3):234-242.

45. Samuele C, Shihua S, Junhua S, et al. Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis and a Swedish population-based study. Lancet. 2018;5(9):P717-P726.

46. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Asthma During Pregnancy. Available at https://aafa.org/asthma/living-with-asthma/asthma-during-pregnancy. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

47. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Controlling Asthma. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/control. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

48. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Asthma Triggers: Gain Control. Available at https://www.epa.gov/asthma/asthma-triggers-gain-control. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

49. AIRNow. Available at https://www.airnow.gov. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

50. Harmsen L, Gottlieb V, Makowska Rasmussen L, Backer V. Asthma patients who smoke have signs of chronic airflow limitation before age 45. J Asthma. 2010;47(4):362-366.

51. American Lung Association. Formaldehyde. Available at https://www.lung.org/clean-air/at-home/indoor-air-pollutants/formaldehyde. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

52. Giles A, Foushee J, Lantz E, Gumina G. Sulfonamide Allergies. Pharmacy. 2019; 7(3):132.

53. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Drug Combination Treatment for Adults with Asthma. Available at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-approves-drug-combination-treatment-adults-asthma. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

54. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing Asthma and Death from Diisocyanate Exposure DDHS. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/96-111/. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

55. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About Work-Related Asthma. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/asthma/about/index.html. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

56. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Respiratory Infections and Asthma. Available at http://www.aafa.org/respiratory-infections-flu-cold-asthma. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

57. R Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. COVID-19 ACIP Vaccine Recommendations. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/acip-recs/hcp/vaccine-specific/covid-19.html. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

58. Barr RG, Wentowski CC, Grodstein F, et al. Prospective study of postmenopausal hormone use and newly diagnosed asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164(4):379-386.

59. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. Asthma and Exercise. Available at https://www.aaaai.org/tools-for-the-public/conditions-library/asthma/asthma-and-exercise. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

60. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. Medications May Trigger Asthma Symptoms. Available at https://www.aaaai.org/tools-for-the-public/conditions-library/asthma/medications-may-trigger-asthma-symptoms. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

61. American Veterinary Medical Association. U.S. Pet Ownership Statistics. Available at https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/reports-statistics/us-pet-ownership-statistics. Last accessed October 8, 2021.

62. Kelso JA, Fox RW, Jones RT, Yunginger JW. Allergy to iguana. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000;106(2):369-372.

63. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Cockroach Allergy. Available at https://aafa.org/allergies/types-of-allergies/insect-allergy/cockroach-allergy. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

64. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Mold Allergy. Available at https://aafa.org/allergies/types-of-allergies/mold-allergy. Last accessed October 1, 2024.

65. Allergy and Asthma Network. What is Nocturnal Asthma? Available at https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/what-is-asthma/nocturnal-asthma. Last accessed October 1, 2024.