Diabetes and Pregnancy
Course #33403 - $90 -
- Participation Instructions
- Review the course material online or in print.
- Complete the course evaluation.
- Review your Transcript to view and print your Certificate of Completion. Your date of completion will be the date (Pacific Time) the course was electronically submitted for credit, with no exceptions. Partial credit is not available.
Diabetes is a common but serious condition that can affect people of any age, including women in their childbearing years. Elevated blood glucose during pregnancy can have serious medical consequences to both mother and fetus. These negative consequences can occur during the gestational and perinatal periods, and long-term effects increase health risks to mother and offspring beyond the postpartum period. Diabetes can complicate pregnancies of women with pre-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes as well as those who develop diabetes during the gestational period. This course will include the continuum of care from preconception through the postpartum period for all types of pregnancy complicated by diabetes. Further, it will provide a knowledge base for helping patients achieve good blood glucose control throughout the pregnancy continuum, from preconception to postpartum care and beyond.
- INTRODUCTION
- SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM
- DIABETES DISEASE PROCESS: A REVIEW
- DIAGNOSIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETES
- GLUCOSE METABOLISM DURING PREGNANCY
- RISKS OF DIABETES IN PREGNANCY
- PRECONCEPTION CARE FOR WOMEN WITH DIABETES
- MANAGING PRE-EXISTING DIABETES DURING PREGNANCY
- GESTATIONAL DIABETES
- OBSTETRICAL AND POSTPARTUM MANAGEMENT OF PREGNANCY COMPLICATED BY DIABETES
- PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE IN PREGNANCY COMPLICATED BY DIABETES
- CONCLUSION
- GLOSSARY
- Works Cited
- Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations Citations
This course is designed for nurses in inpatient and outpatient practice areas that include women's health, family medicine, and diabetes/endocrinology, and health education specialists, public health professionals, and nurse educators.
The purpose of this course is to provide nurses with practical information and evidence-based recommendations on all aspects of pregnancy complicated by diabetes.
Upon completion of this course, you should be able to:
- Describe the pathophysiology, risk factors, screening, and treatment of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and prediabetes.
- Explain how metabolic changes during normal gestation increase the risk for elevated blood glucose.
- List maternal and fetal risks of hyperglycemia during pregnancy.
- Identify future risks to the offspring of mothers who had diabetes during pregnancy.
- Describe principles of preconception counseling in women with pre-existing diabetes.
- Summarize the management of pregnancy in women with pre-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
- Review studies and findings that provide a rationale for the treatment of gestational diabetes.
- Define recommended blood glucose targets and frequency of blood glucose monitoring in gestational diabetes.
- Describe goals and guidelines for the nutritional management of gestational diabetes.
- Identify the safety and efficacy of oral diabetic agents and insulin for use in gestational diabetes.
- Discuss interventions to prevent the development of gestational diabetes.
- Describe the obstetrical management of pregnancy complicated by diabetes.
- Describe maternal postpartum care for pregnancy complicated by diabetes.
- Discuss the care of the neonate born to the mother with diabetes.
- Identify important aspects of psychosocial care and follow-up for the woman with diabetes during pregnancy.
Susan Semb, MSN, CDCES, is a retired RN who received her Master's degree in nursing from the University of San Diego. Her nursing experience includes direct patient care, case management, staff development, program development, and health education. She spent the majority of her nursing career working as a diabetes educator in the health education department of a major health maintenance organization. Ms. Semb has also authored other continuing education courses for nurses published by NetCE and contributed to nursing books and other publications. In her retirement, Ms. Semb enjoys travel, line dancing, and pursuing an interest in antiques and vintage items.
Contributing faculty, Susan Semb, MSN, CDCES, has disclosed no relevant financial relationship with any product manufacturer or service provider mentioned.
Margo A. Halm, RN, PhD, NEA-BC, FAAN
The division planner has disclosed no relevant financial relationship with any product manufacturer or service provider mentioned.
Sarah Campbell
The Director of Development and Academic Affairs has disclosed no relevant financial relationship with any product manufacturer or service provider mentioned.
The purpose of NetCE is to provide challenging curricula to assist healthcare professionals to raise their levels of expertise while fulfilling their continuing education requirements, thereby improving the quality of healthcare.
Our contributing faculty members have taken care to ensure that the information and recommendations are accurate and compatible with the standards generally accepted at the time of publication. The publisher disclaims any liability, loss or damage incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and application of any of the contents. Participants are cautioned about the potential risk of using limited knowledge when integrating new techniques into practice.
It is the policy of NetCE not to accept commercial support. Furthermore, commercial interests are prohibited from distributing or providing access to this activity to learners.
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The role of implicit biases on healthcare outcomes has become a concern, as there is some evidence that implicit biases contribute to health disparities, professionals' attitudes toward and interactions with patients, quality of care, diagnoses, and treatment decisions. This may produce differences in help-seeking, diagnoses, and ultimately treatments and interventions. Implicit biases may also unwittingly produce professional behaviors, attitudes, and interactions that reduce patients' trust and comfort with their provider, leading to earlier termination of visits and/or reduced adherence and follow-up. Disadvantaged groups are marginalized in the healthcare system and vulnerable on multiple levels; health professionals' implicit biases can further exacerbate these existing disadvantages.
Interventions or strategies designed to reduce implicit bias may be categorized as change-based or control-based. Change-based interventions focus on reducing or changing cognitive associations underlying implicit biases. These interventions might include challenging stereotypes. Conversely, control-based interventions involve reducing the effects of the implicit bias on the individual's behaviors. These strategies include increasing awareness of biased thoughts and responses. The two types of interventions are not mutually exclusive and may be used synergistically.